Anterior-pituitary hormones {adrenocorticotropin}| (ACTH) {corticotropin} can stimulate adrenocortical cells to synthesize and release glucocorticoid hormones and so make glucose from glycogen, control corticosteroid production, aid attention, and cause cortex analgesia at non-opiate receptors. ACTH amino acids four to seven make short-term memory permanent.
Cortisol and cortisone {corticosteroid}| are from adrenal cortex, convert proteins to carbohydrates, prevent inflammation, increase metabolism rate, increase glycogen storage in liver, darken skin, and stimulate milk production. CYP17 gene modifies cholesterol to make cortisol. Cortisol suppresses lymphocyte interleukin-2 activity. Long-term stress increases cortisol. Adrenal-cortex aldosterone, corticosterone, and deoxycorticosterone regulate sodium and potassium metabolism.
Hormones {glucagon}| can increase liver glucose concentration, decrease liver glycogen production, and decrease other-cell glucose.
Hormones {glucocorticosteroid}| can regulate sugar and protein.
Hormones {insulin, hormone}| can decrease liver glucose concentration, increase liver glycogen production, and increase other-cell glucose. Insulin-like growth factors (IGF) regulate neuron-process growth and mitosis.
4-Zoology-Organ-Endocrine Gland-Hormone
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Date Modified: 2022.0225